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Ukraine has finally overtaken Iceland for 5th place in the national rankings.
Project Icebox Europe 2011/12
#141
- Group: Registered Climate Users
- Posts: 16846
- Joined: 31-May 06
- LocationTonbridge, Kent. 44m asl.
Posted 02 February 2012 - 18:00
Day 109: Needless to say, ice days are very widespread now across Europe but the UK and France really not in with a shot of points while the east is in the deep freeze. No fewer than 4 locations shared the day's lowest minimum of -37.3 °C, all in Russia so only the two with the lowest maxima scored. For the first time all 10 scorers had minima of -30 °C or lower. Kuusamo in Finland has set the lowest temperature this winter outside Russia; and Ukraine, Belarus and Latvia also set new national lows this winter as did Lithuania and Poland (and surely others too) but not cold enough to score. Nikkaluokta now has quite a healthy lead over the rest.
Ukraine has finally overtaken Iceland for 5th place in the national rankings.
Ukraine has finally overtaken Iceland for 5th place in the national rankings.
#142
- Group: Registered Climate Users
- Posts: 16846
- Joined: 31-May 06
- LocationTonbridge, Kent. 44m asl.
Posted 03 February 2012 - 16:46
Day 110: Not so much icebox as industrial scale refrigeration now. Today we have a new lowest temperature reading for the winter so far in Europe with Kvikkjokk in Sweden logging -42.7 °C which is just a touch higher than the coldest of last winter (Khoseda-Khard -43.4 °C). Still a long way from record breaking cold though, although the consequences for the populations around Europe are quite serious enough.
#143
- Group: Registered Climate Users
- Posts: 16846
- Joined: 31-May 06
- LocationTonbridge, Kent. 44m asl.
Posted 04 February 2012 - 17:20
Day 111: Another 24 hours of widespread severe cold with lowest minima below -40 °C but some slight relief for Ukraine as it was a little less cold there. No major changes in the league tables but Kuusamo's recent run of low temps sees it climb further in the top 12 locations.
Kuusamo is a town and municipality in Finland. It is located in the Oulu province and is part of the Northern Ostrobothnia region. The municipality has a population of 16,491 (31 January 2011) and covers an area of 5,808.92 square kilometres (2,242.84 sq mi) of which 830.81 km2 (320.78 sq mi) is water. The population density is 3.31 inhabitants per square kilometre (8.6 /sq mi). The municipality is unilingually Finnish.
Kuusamo is a major center for winter sports and receives approximately a million tourists every year. One of the largest ski resorts in Finland, Ruka, is situated in Kuusamo. Ruka is also the host of many international competitions in ski jumping, cross country skiing and Nordic combined. The 2005 World Championships of Freestyle Skiing was held in Kuusamo. Kuusamo Airport is located 6 kilometres (4 mi) north-east from Kuusamo town centre.
Until the 17th Century, the area of Kuusamo was inhabited by the semi-nomadic Sami. During the cold season they lived in the villages Maanselkä and Kitka. In spring they moved to the rivers and in summer, after the melting of the ice, to the lakes; there they fished and gathered berries and mushrooms; in autumn they hunted reindeer, bears and beavers in the forest. Apart from fishing and hunting the Sami earned their living by trading fur with the Finns settled on the coast of the Gulf of Bothnia and the Karelians of the White Sea coast. As a Sami settlement the area belonged to Kuusamo Kemi-Lappmark at the time. Nominally it belonged to the territory of the Swedish province of Västerbotten, but the Swedish rule was limited to the collection of taxes. At the same time Russia collected taxes in the territory it deemed state-less.
Since the 15th Century Finnish fishermen also took advantage of fishing grounds on the lower reaches of the river Iijoki near Kuusamo. They took regular trips of a few weeks from Kuusamo, but because the land could not provide hay for cattle other than near the river, they found no fixed settlements. Only when, in 1673, the Swedish government granted all settlers in Lapland years a tax exemption for 15 years, did settlers from Savo and Kainuu settle in Kuusamo. They practiced slash and burn as a form of shifting cultivation. This was mainly due to the hunting-based life form of seeds at risk. Within a few decades the Sami population was assimilated or ousted by the Finnish settlers. By 1718 there were only two Sámi families in Kuusamo, even they had adopted the Finnish language.
The first parish in Kuusamo was founded in 1685. In 1687 a temporary chapel was built, in 1695 the first church. From the end of the 17th Century the area around the lake Kuusamojärvi began to be called Kuusamo. The precise etymology of the name is unclear, however, one possible derivation is from a Sami word for "spruce forest".
The Swedish–Russian border had already been withdrawn east of Kuusamo in the 1595 Treaty of Teusina, but was long and porous. With the constant influx of new settlers, Kuusamo grew steadily in the 18th Century. Agriculture, cattle and reindeer breeding replaced nomadic cropping. Kuusamo around 1770 had about 2,000 inhabitants. In 1775 Kuusamo was removed from Lappmark and added to the newly formed province of Oulu . Because the population had increased, a new, larger church was built between 1797 and 1804. By the beginning of the 19th Century the population had reached 3000 inhabitants, but a famine in 1803 and a smallpox epidemic the following year reduced the population again.
In 1809, Kuusamo, as with the rest of Finland, came under Russian rule. In the first half of the 19th century, the area was ravaged several times by devastating famine and epidemics. Kuusamo was spared by the catastrophic crop failure in 1867, and its population grew steadily thereafter. By 1886, 7,000 people inhabited the city; by 1894, that number grew to 8,000. With the advent of forestry at the end of the 19th century, workers moved into the area, so Kuusamo reached a population of 10,500 by 1910. In 1868, in Finland's administrative reform the parish of Kuusamo became a municipality.
After the independence of Finland in 1917, the Russian border was closed and so Kuusamo wascut off from its hinterland. The forestry sector suffered as there was no more wood to raft from Kuusamo to the ports on the White Sea,. Even the reindeer economy suffered as some of the herds remained on the Russian side of the border. Therefore between the wars agriculture developed as the most important part of the economy. By 1925 the population had risen to 14,634, but it fell by around 2000 the next year through the detachment of the villages and Posio Suolijärvi Kuusamo .
At the start of the Winter War Kuusamo was evacuated in December 1939 for fear of a Soviet invasion. In the Moscow Peace Treaty, the Winter War ended on 14 March 1940, Finland lost large parts of Karelia, the eastern areas of Salla and Kuusamo to the Soviet Union. The ceded part of Kuusamo had an area of 1653 square kilometers and included the villages Paanajärvi, Tavajärvi, Vatajärvi, Enojärvi, Pukari and Kenttikylä. Its 2100 residents were relocated to other parts of Kuusamo. During the Continuation War of 1941-1944 Kuusamo was used as a supply depot by German and Finnish troops. When it appeared that Germany might lose the war, Finland secretly negotiated a separate peace with the Soviet Union. After news of the armistice, the civilian population once again abandoned the town for fear of Russian occupation. The Russians did briefly occupy Kuusamo and burned the village to the ground upon their departure.
In the years between 1945–1952 Kuusamo was rebuilt. By the late 1960s, the population grew to almost 21,000. As agriculture in the village could not offer enough jobs for the baby boomer generation, the population began to decline rapidly. In 1954, the first ski run on the Rukatunturi was created. Through the expansion of the Ruka ski center, Kuusamo became a tourist center. In 2000, the municipality of Kuusamo was made a city.
The average annual temperature is −0.3 °C, annual precipitation 525 millimetres (20.7 in). The warmest month is July with an average temperature of +14.7 °C, coldest February with −13.2 °C. The coldest ever measured temperature was −40.8 °C. Kuusamo is one of the snowiest areas in Finland: the ground is snow-covered for about 200 days a year, from late October until mid-May, with a thickness of 80–90 centimetres (31–35 in).
The center of Kuusamo is located approximately 60 km (37 mi) south of the Arctic Circle, thus polar day and night play a major role. From 14 to 29 June Kuusamo has midnight sun.
Kuusamo is a town and municipality in Finland. It is located in the Oulu province and is part of the Northern Ostrobothnia region. The municipality has a population of 16,491 (31 January 2011) and covers an area of 5,808.92 square kilometres (2,242.84 sq mi) of which 830.81 km2 (320.78 sq mi) is water. The population density is 3.31 inhabitants per square kilometre (8.6 /sq mi). The municipality is unilingually Finnish.
Kuusamo is a major center for winter sports and receives approximately a million tourists every year. One of the largest ski resorts in Finland, Ruka, is situated in Kuusamo. Ruka is also the host of many international competitions in ski jumping, cross country skiing and Nordic combined. The 2005 World Championships of Freestyle Skiing was held in Kuusamo. Kuusamo Airport is located 6 kilometres (4 mi) north-east from Kuusamo town centre.
Until the 17th Century, the area of Kuusamo was inhabited by the semi-nomadic Sami. During the cold season they lived in the villages Maanselkä and Kitka. In spring they moved to the rivers and in summer, after the melting of the ice, to the lakes; there they fished and gathered berries and mushrooms; in autumn they hunted reindeer, bears and beavers in the forest. Apart from fishing and hunting the Sami earned their living by trading fur with the Finns settled on the coast of the Gulf of Bothnia and the Karelians of the White Sea coast. As a Sami settlement the area belonged to Kuusamo Kemi-Lappmark at the time. Nominally it belonged to the territory of the Swedish province of Västerbotten, but the Swedish rule was limited to the collection of taxes. At the same time Russia collected taxes in the territory it deemed state-less.
Since the 15th Century Finnish fishermen also took advantage of fishing grounds on the lower reaches of the river Iijoki near Kuusamo. They took regular trips of a few weeks from Kuusamo, but because the land could not provide hay for cattle other than near the river, they found no fixed settlements. Only when, in 1673, the Swedish government granted all settlers in Lapland years a tax exemption for 15 years, did settlers from Savo and Kainuu settle in Kuusamo. They practiced slash and burn as a form of shifting cultivation. This was mainly due to the hunting-based life form of seeds at risk. Within a few decades the Sami population was assimilated or ousted by the Finnish settlers. By 1718 there were only two Sámi families in Kuusamo, even they had adopted the Finnish language.
The first parish in Kuusamo was founded in 1685. In 1687 a temporary chapel was built, in 1695 the first church. From the end of the 17th Century the area around the lake Kuusamojärvi began to be called Kuusamo. The precise etymology of the name is unclear, however, one possible derivation is from a Sami word for "spruce forest".
The Swedish–Russian border had already been withdrawn east of Kuusamo in the 1595 Treaty of Teusina, but was long and porous. With the constant influx of new settlers, Kuusamo grew steadily in the 18th Century. Agriculture, cattle and reindeer breeding replaced nomadic cropping. Kuusamo around 1770 had about 2,000 inhabitants. In 1775 Kuusamo was removed from Lappmark and added to the newly formed province of Oulu . Because the population had increased, a new, larger church was built between 1797 and 1804. By the beginning of the 19th Century the population had reached 3000 inhabitants, but a famine in 1803 and a smallpox epidemic the following year reduced the population again.
In 1809, Kuusamo, as with the rest of Finland, came under Russian rule. In the first half of the 19th century, the area was ravaged several times by devastating famine and epidemics. Kuusamo was spared by the catastrophic crop failure in 1867, and its population grew steadily thereafter. By 1886, 7,000 people inhabited the city; by 1894, that number grew to 8,000. With the advent of forestry at the end of the 19th century, workers moved into the area, so Kuusamo reached a population of 10,500 by 1910. In 1868, in Finland's administrative reform the parish of Kuusamo became a municipality.
After the independence of Finland in 1917, the Russian border was closed and so Kuusamo wascut off from its hinterland. The forestry sector suffered as there was no more wood to raft from Kuusamo to the ports on the White Sea,. Even the reindeer economy suffered as some of the herds remained on the Russian side of the border. Therefore between the wars agriculture developed as the most important part of the economy. By 1925 the population had risen to 14,634, but it fell by around 2000 the next year through the detachment of the villages and Posio Suolijärvi Kuusamo .
At the start of the Winter War Kuusamo was evacuated in December 1939 for fear of a Soviet invasion. In the Moscow Peace Treaty, the Winter War ended on 14 March 1940, Finland lost large parts of Karelia, the eastern areas of Salla and Kuusamo to the Soviet Union. The ceded part of Kuusamo had an area of 1653 square kilometers and included the villages Paanajärvi, Tavajärvi, Vatajärvi, Enojärvi, Pukari and Kenttikylä. Its 2100 residents were relocated to other parts of Kuusamo. During the Continuation War of 1941-1944 Kuusamo was used as a supply depot by German and Finnish troops. When it appeared that Germany might lose the war, Finland secretly negotiated a separate peace with the Soviet Union. After news of the armistice, the civilian population once again abandoned the town for fear of Russian occupation. The Russians did briefly occupy Kuusamo and burned the village to the ground upon their departure.
In the years between 1945–1952 Kuusamo was rebuilt. By the late 1960s, the population grew to almost 21,000. As agriculture in the village could not offer enough jobs for the baby boomer generation, the population began to decline rapidly. In 1954, the first ski run on the Rukatunturi was created. Through the expansion of the Ruka ski center, Kuusamo became a tourist center. In 2000, the municipality of Kuusamo was made a city.
The average annual temperature is −0.3 °C, annual precipitation 525 millimetres (20.7 in). The warmest month is July with an average temperature of +14.7 °C, coldest February with −13.2 °C. The coldest ever measured temperature was −40.8 °C. Kuusamo is one of the snowiest areas in Finland: the ground is snow-covered for about 200 days a year, from late October until mid-May, with a thickness of 80–90 centimetres (31–35 in).
The center of Kuusamo is located approximately 60 km (37 mi) south of the Arctic Circle, thus polar day and night play a major role. From 14 to 29 June Kuusamo has midnight sun.
#144
- Group: Registered Climate Users
- Posts: 16846
- Joined: 31-May 06
- LocationTonbridge, Kent. 44m asl.
Posted 05 February 2012 - 17:54
Day 112: The big freeze continues, some very cold maxima and daily means for several days in a row now, especially of course the area from Karelian Russia to Norwegian Finnmark and Swedish Lapland. Sweden is having its lowest temperatures for 11 years generally. Estonia also had an extremely cold night but even so still well above any alltime records, but it allows Estonia to move above Romania in the national rankings.
#145
- Group: Frouks
- Posts: 1781
- Joined: 06-July 10
- LocationThionville (North-East of France)
Posted 05 February 2012 - 18:16
Dave, firstly, sorry for the off-topic. Well, I'd like to ask you a little question : how do you manage to integrate pictures into the posts of a thread ? For example, the picture of Kuusamo (above).
I mean, the only way I've found to put a picture in a message, is to print screen it, then save it on Paint on my PC, and then propose it to download in the thread. But I'm afraid I finally mustn't do that due to copyright reasons.
I wanted to send you a private message, but here's what I get when I try :
[The following errors were found
You must either choose a member from your address book or enter their name in the appropriate field fully.
This personal message has not been sent]
Thank you for your answer ! Cheers,
I mean, the only way I've found to put a picture in a message, is to print screen it, then save it on Paint on my PC, and then propose it to download in the thread. But I'm afraid I finally mustn't do that due to copyright reasons.
I wanted to send you a private message, but here's what I get when I try :
[The following errors were found
You must either choose a member from your address book or enter their name in the appropriate field fully.
This personal message has not been sent]
Thank you for your answer ! Cheers,
#146
- Group: Registered Climate Users
- Posts: 16846
- Joined: 31-May 06
- LocationTonbridge, Kent. 44m asl.
Posted 05 February 2012 - 19:27
MorganeLanesle, on 05 February 2012 - 18:16, said:
Dave, firstly, sorry for the off-topic. Well, I'd like to ask you a little question : how do you manage to integrate pictures into the posts of a thread ? For example, the picture of Kuusamo (above).
I mean, the only way I've found to put a picture in a message, is to print screen it, then save it on Paint on my PC, and then propose it to download in the thread. But I'm afraid I finally mustn't do that due to copyright reasons.
I wanted to send you a private message, but here's what I get when I try :
[The following errors were found
You must either choose a member from your address book or enter their name in the appropriate field fully.
This personal message has not been sent]
Thank you for your answer ! Cheers,
I mean, the only way I've found to put a picture in a message, is to print screen it, then save it on Paint on my PC, and then propose it to download in the thread. But I'm afraid I finally mustn't do that due to copyright reasons.
I wanted to send you a private message, but here's what I get when I try :
[The following errors were found
You must either choose a member from your address book or enter their name in the appropriate field fully.
This personal message has not been sent]
Thank you for your answer ! Cheers,
You can hotlink to an image by copying the URL and pasting it in the "Insert Image" function (some site with images might not let you do it for copyright reasons though). Of course if the image is moved by the host site it won't show after.
#147
- Group: Registered Climate Users
- Posts: 16846
- Joined: 31-May 06
- LocationTonbridge, Kent. 44m asl.
Posted 06 February 2012 - 15:53
Day 113: No let up in the big freeze up north as Russia, Finland and Norway all register their lowest temperatures of this winter so far. In fact a non synop station in Finland reported -41.6 °C, and on Sunday night/Monday morning Odense Airport logged the coldest temperature in Denmark for 27 years with -23.1 °C. Not much change in the league tables but Nikkaluokta extends its lead still further.
This post has been edited by Big Dave's Gusset: 06 February 2012 - 15:53
#148
- Group: Registered Climate Users
- Posts: 16846
- Joined: 31-May 06
- LocationTonbridge, Kent. 44m asl.
Posted 07 February 2012 - 17:24
Day 114: More national records for this winter so far: Norway, Finland and Poland all have their lowest minima in the project so far. Naimakka at -42.8 °C set a new lowest temperature for all of Europe this winter ( but despite some very low minima is still only 13th) and Nikkaluokta goes even further ahead at the top of the locations table. One time pace-setter Grímsstaðir now looks like a busted flush. Poland's single entry today is enough to lift it back aboe Latvia in the nation's ranking.
Võru (Võro: Võro; German: Werro) is a town and a municipality in south-eastern Estonia. It is the capital of Võru County and the centre of Võru Parish.
Võru was founded on 21 August 1784, according to the wish of the Empress Catherine II of Russia, by the order of Riga Governor general count George Browne, on the site of the former Võru estate.
The town is situated on the shore of Lake Tamula. The Võru Folk Festival takes place every year in Võru. Throughout the centuries the people of Võru have somehow managed to hang on to their own language – a language that is a bit different, and for which they are well-known and admired by a lot of people. It is, after all, a remarkable asset. Võru folk themselves are a bit different too: they are more outspoken, for a start, but more open and good-tempered too; sometimes naïve, perhaps, and occasionally helpless in the face of the world’s greed and duplicity. The people here value their own culture and traditions and are proud of the fact that they are just that little bit different.
Võru is a green town; even its coat of arms and flag are green. That is why so much attention is paid to keeping up its parks and green areas. Recently completed in the centre of the town was a park of light with its own waterfalls and places for children to play, while shade is provided in the park bearing the name of F. R. Kreutzwald, father of Estonian song.
There are around 200 lakes in Võru County, and three of them can be found within the town itself. One of the most beautiful, Tamula, comes all the way to the centre of the town and is one of the symbols of Võru. The track along the shore of the lake is the perfect place for relaxing walks. A little further afield from Tamula is the large and equally beautiful Lake Vagula, while further on still in the direction of Väimela there are three more lakes and yet another three in the direction of Kose. Anyone who visits them will admire the stillness, beauty and tranquillity of their natural environment.
Friedrich Reinhold Kreutzwald, the author of the Estonian national epic "Kalevipoeg", lived in Võru from 1833 to 1877.
European route E263 is the main connection with the rest of Estonia. Other roads connect Võru with Põlva, Räpina, Antsla and Valga. Currently inactive Valga–Pechory railway passes through Võru.
Võru (Võro: Võro; German: Werro) is a town and a municipality in south-eastern Estonia. It is the capital of Võru County and the centre of Võru Parish.
Võru was founded on 21 August 1784, according to the wish of the Empress Catherine II of Russia, by the order of Riga Governor general count George Browne, on the site of the former Võru estate.
The town is situated on the shore of Lake Tamula. The Võru Folk Festival takes place every year in Võru. Throughout the centuries the people of Võru have somehow managed to hang on to their own language – a language that is a bit different, and for which they are well-known and admired by a lot of people. It is, after all, a remarkable asset. Võru folk themselves are a bit different too: they are more outspoken, for a start, but more open and good-tempered too; sometimes naïve, perhaps, and occasionally helpless in the face of the world’s greed and duplicity. The people here value their own culture and traditions and are proud of the fact that they are just that little bit different.
Võru is a green town; even its coat of arms and flag are green. That is why so much attention is paid to keeping up its parks and green areas. Recently completed in the centre of the town was a park of light with its own waterfalls and places for children to play, while shade is provided in the park bearing the name of F. R. Kreutzwald, father of Estonian song.
There are around 200 lakes in Võru County, and three of them can be found within the town itself. One of the most beautiful, Tamula, comes all the way to the centre of the town and is one of the symbols of Võru. The track along the shore of the lake is the perfect place for relaxing walks. A little further afield from Tamula is the large and equally beautiful Lake Vagula, while further on still in the direction of Väimela there are three more lakes and yet another three in the direction of Kose. Anyone who visits them will admire the stillness, beauty and tranquillity of their natural environment.
Friedrich Reinhold Kreutzwald, the author of the Estonian national epic "Kalevipoeg", lived in Võru from 1833 to 1877.
European route E263 is the main connection with the rest of Estonia. Other roads connect Võru with Põlva, Räpina, Antsla and Valga. Currently inactive Valga–Pechory railway passes through Võru.
#149
- Group: Registered Climate Users
- Posts: 16846
- Joined: 31-May 06
- LocationTonbridge, Kent. 44m asl.
Posted 08 February 2012 - 16:44
Day 115: Not quite as low minima as in the last few days but still extremely cold in many areas. Russia's two representatives are from the NW and SE corners today and Astrakhan's minimum may have equalled the city's alltime lowest temperature although meteonovosti only mentions a date record of -31.5 °C for the 7th. There are a couple of changes of position in the location's league table.
Astrakhan features a steppe climate with cold winters and hot summers. Astrakhan is one of the driest cities in Europe. Rainfall is scarce but relatively evenly distributed throughout the course of the year. It's this even distribution of rainfall and the relatively low annual temperature that causes the city to fall under this climate category as opposed to an arid climate. Winters tend to be cold in the city, though by Russian standards, Astrakhan features relatively balmy winters. Summers in the city can be hot with high temperatures in excess of 40°C. Spring and fall are basically transitional seasons between summer and winter.
Astrakhan features a steppe climate with cold winters and hot summers. Astrakhan is one of the driest cities in Europe. Rainfall is scarce but relatively evenly distributed throughout the course of the year. It's this even distribution of rainfall and the relatively low annual temperature that causes the city to fall under this climate category as opposed to an arid climate. Winters tend to be cold in the city, though by Russian standards, Astrakhan features relatively balmy winters. Summers in the city can be hot with high temperatures in excess of 40°C. Spring and fall are basically transitional seasons between summer and winter.
| Climate data for Astrakhan | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 14.0 (57.2) | 16.9 (62.4) | 24.0 (75.2) | 32.0 (89.6) | 36.8 (98.2) | 39.9 (103.8) | 41.0 (105.8) | 40.8 (105.4) | 38.0 (100.4) | 29.9 (85.8) | 21.6 (70.9) | 16.4 (61.5) | 41.0 (105.8) |
| Average high °C (°F) | −0.1 (31.8) | 0.7 (33.3) | 7.8 (46.0) | 17.4 (63.3) | 23.8 (74.8) | 29.3 (84.7) | 32.0 (89.6) | 30.7 (87.3) | 24.3 (75.7) | 16.3 (61.3) | 7.4 (45.3) | 1.2 (34.2) | 15.9 (60.6) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −3.6 (25.5) | −3.7 (25.3) | 2.3 (36.1) | 11.1 (52.0) | 17.7 (63.9) | 23.1 (73.6) | 25.6 (78.1) | 24.0 (75.2) | 17.7 (63.9) | 10.4 (50.7) | 3.1 (37.6) | −1.9 (28.6) | 10.5 (50.9) |
| Average low °C (°F) | −6.5 (20.3) | −7.1 (19.2) | −1.9 (28.6) | 5.9 (42.6) | 12.1 (53.8) | 17.4 (63.3) | 19.6 (67.3) | 18.0 (64.4) | 12.3 (54.1) | 5.9 (42.6) | 0.3 (32.5) | −4.6 (23.7) | 6.0 (42.8) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −31.8 (−25.2) | −33.8 (−28.8) | −26.9 (−16.4) | −8.9 (16.0) | −1.1 (30.0) | 6.1 (43.0) | 10.1 (50.2) | 6.1 (43.0) | −2 (28.4) | −10.5 (13.1) | −25.8 (−14.4) | −29.9 (−21.8) | −33 (−27.4) |
| Precipitation mm (inches) | 16 (0.63) | 12 (0.47) | 16 (0.63) | 23 (0.91) | 28 (1.1) | 25 (0.98) | 24 (0.94) | 20 (0.79) | 17 (0.67) | 18 (0.71) | 18 (0.71) | 16 (0.63) | 233 (9.17) |
| Avg. precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) | 4 | 3 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 40 |
| Sunshine hours | 86.8 | 110.2 | 164.3 | 225.0 | 294.5 | 315.0 | 331.7 | 310.0 | 252.0 | 179.8 | 84.0 | 58.9 | 2,412.2 |
| Source: Pogoda.ru.net, Hong Kong Observatory for data of avg. precipitation days and sunshine hours | |||||||||||||
#150
- Group: Registered Climate Users
- Posts: 16846
- Joined: 31-May 06
- LocationTonbridge, Kent. 44m asl.
Posted 09 February 2012 - 16:28
Day 116: For the first time in ages I had to look much further south to complete the 10 scoring places. A little less cold in Sweden and Finland, again a great distance between the two Russian scorers (Veslyana in the Komi Republic of north central European Russia and Verkhniy Baskunchak is between Astrakhan and Volgograd), Norway was pushed out by very cold but nowhere near record breaking minima in Serbia and Hungary. This allows Serbia to just nudge into the top 12 nations.
Baja is a city in Bács-Kiskun County, southern Hungary. It is the second largest city in the county, after the county seat at Kecskemét, and is home to around 37,000 people. Baja is the seat of the Baja municipality.
Baja is located about 150 km (93 mi) south of Budapest and 108 km (67 mi) southwest of Kecskemét, at the crossing of Road 55 and Road 51, on the river Danube. Baja's main river is Sugovica (also called Kamarás-Duna).
Baja is at the meeting point of two large regions: the Great Hungarian Plain (Alföld) and Transdanubia (Dunántúl). The River Danube separates the two regions. West of the city, the Gemencforest spreads. Gemenc is part of the Danube-Drava National Park. It can be discovered from Baja via a narrow gauge railway.
Baja is located on the left bank of the river, on the Great Hungarian Plain. However, Baja is more similar to the cities of Transdanubia. To the east, arable crops such as maize, wheat and barley are grown.
The city's Hungarian name is derived from a Turkic language or less likely Croatian. The name means "bull". The Latin name of the town is Francillo. Baja used to have also a German name: Frankenstadt.
The South Slavs, Croats (who belong to Bunjevci group of Croats) and Serbs, who live in the city call Baja by the same name as Magyars do, but with a slightly different pronunciation. Its spelling in Serbian Cyrillic writing is Баја.
The environs of Baja have been continuously inhabited since the end of the Iron Age, but there is evidence of human presence since prehistoric times. The settlement itself was most likely established in the 14th century. After the Ottoman Empire conquered Hungary, it grew to prominence more than other nearby settlements, and was granted town rights in 1696.
Today, Baja plays an important role in the life of Northern Bácska as a local commercial centre and the provider of public services such as education and healthcare. It has several road and a railway connections to other parts of the country, and also offers local Public transport for its residents.
Being close to the Danube and the forest of Gemenc, as well as having its own cultural sights, makes it a candidate for tourism, but this is not well established yet.
The city is first mentioned in 1308. During the Turkish Conquest in the 16th and 17th centuries it was the official center for the region and it possessed a fortification. This era saw the immigration of Bunjevci and Serbs into the town. There was also an active Franciscan mission with monks from Bosnia.
When Hungary was a part of the Habsburg Empire, the city was also settled by Germans and Hungarians alongside some Jews. Due to its location on the Danube, it became a transportation and commercial hub for the region. This was where grain and wine was loaded onto boats to be transported upriver to Austria and Germany. Until 1765, the inhabitants belonged to three nations; Croats (under name of Dalmatians), the Germans and the Serbs. The Magyars – who escaped from the Ottoman Empire to the reduced Kingdom of Hungary – returned to the Great Plain after Hungary regained her lost territories. Following this, according to a government decree the Natio Dalmatica was changed into the Natio Hungarica, but even in 1768, the elected mayor swore the oath in the Croatian language in the Franciscan Church. In 1699, Baja was Bács-Bodrog county's most "industrialized" city.
In the 19th century Baja became a minor railway hub, but its importance declined as the railway to Fiume (Rijeka) was built in order to get Hungarian grain seaborne. The city was still a commercial and service center for the region.
In 1918, after World War I, the ceasefire line placed the city under administration of the newly formed Kingdom of Yugoslavia. By the Treaty of Trianon from 1920, the city was assigned to Hungary, and became the capital of the reduced county of Bács-Bodrog.
After World War II the city became known for its textile mill and because of its important bridge crossing the Danube. Its importance is still evident as people from the Bácska region (Serbian: Bačka) of Hungary come for higher education, government and business services.
Baja is at the meeting of the continental and mediterrenean region of Hungary. The summers are hot (the temperature sometimes goes up to 35–36 °C) and dry, while the winters are cold and snowy. It often rains in the spring.
The city plays an important role in Hungary's water transport, with the international harbour. Baja gives home to two extensive corporations: to AXIÁL Co. and DÉLHÚS Co. Axiál sells agricultural machines all over Hungary, while Délhús produces meat products. Gemenc Forest and Game Co. Ltd. is managing the nearby nature reserve, Gemenc. There are numerous commercial structures in the city, which prove important to the people living in and around Baja. A few years ago, a TESCO supermarket opened.
The city has some museums and art galleries, most of them with permanent exhibitions. These include the István Türr Museum (exhibits objects of former local life), the István Nagy Gallery (a collection of Nagy's paintings), and the Bunjevci House (about Bunjevci traditions).
The annual Fisherman's Soup Boiling Festival shown above is a famous event in Europe, which comprises a great fish soup boiling contest, and other cultural occurrences.
There are 15 churches in the city, representing the religion of each ethnicity. These religions include (with the number of believers) Roman Catholic (25 203), Protestant (1 623), Evangelist (268), Unitarian, Orthodox (90), Lutheran and Judaism (27).
Located relatively close to the Great Hungarian Plain, to Gemenc and Transdanubia, the city is also feasible as a base for regional tourists.
There are three notable educational institutes in the city: Béla III High school, famous for high teaching skills; Eötvös József College, the only top-level educational institution of Northern Bácska, and the German center. A smaller observatory also exists.
Tha MNÁMK (Magyarországi Németek Általános Művelődési Központja; English: General Culture Center of Germans Living in Hungary) is internationally respected for providing German education for the German minority living in Bácska, and in Hungary. Students get up-to-date education with modern tools using their mother tongue.
Baja's library got its name from the famous Hungarian poet, Endre Ady. The library's building used to be Baja's synagogue. The building was offered by the city's Jewish community. The Holocaust memorial stands in the synagogue's garden.
The library has a very large collection of pre-18th century books. The "Ancient book" collection includes 4,352 volumes, and a lot more writings, because many of the volumes are collectives (for example, one of them contains 17 writings). The library has three incunabulums.
Baja is a city in Bács-Kiskun County, southern Hungary. It is the second largest city in the county, after the county seat at Kecskemét, and is home to around 37,000 people. Baja is the seat of the Baja municipality.
Baja is located about 150 km (93 mi) south of Budapest and 108 km (67 mi) southwest of Kecskemét, at the crossing of Road 55 and Road 51, on the river Danube. Baja's main river is Sugovica (also called Kamarás-Duna).
Baja is at the meeting point of two large regions: the Great Hungarian Plain (Alföld) and Transdanubia (Dunántúl). The River Danube separates the two regions. West of the city, the Gemencforest spreads. Gemenc is part of the Danube-Drava National Park. It can be discovered from Baja via a narrow gauge railway.
Baja is located on the left bank of the river, on the Great Hungarian Plain. However, Baja is more similar to the cities of Transdanubia. To the east, arable crops such as maize, wheat and barley are grown.
The city's Hungarian name is derived from a Turkic language or less likely Croatian. The name means "bull". The Latin name of the town is Francillo. Baja used to have also a German name: Frankenstadt.
The South Slavs, Croats (who belong to Bunjevci group of Croats) and Serbs, who live in the city call Baja by the same name as Magyars do, but with a slightly different pronunciation. Its spelling in Serbian Cyrillic writing is Баја.
The environs of Baja have been continuously inhabited since the end of the Iron Age, but there is evidence of human presence since prehistoric times. The settlement itself was most likely established in the 14th century. After the Ottoman Empire conquered Hungary, it grew to prominence more than other nearby settlements, and was granted town rights in 1696.
Today, Baja plays an important role in the life of Northern Bácska as a local commercial centre and the provider of public services such as education and healthcare. It has several road and a railway connections to other parts of the country, and also offers local Public transport for its residents.
Being close to the Danube and the forest of Gemenc, as well as having its own cultural sights, makes it a candidate for tourism, but this is not well established yet.
The city is first mentioned in 1308. During the Turkish Conquest in the 16th and 17th centuries it was the official center for the region and it possessed a fortification. This era saw the immigration of Bunjevci and Serbs into the town. There was also an active Franciscan mission with monks from Bosnia.
When Hungary was a part of the Habsburg Empire, the city was also settled by Germans and Hungarians alongside some Jews. Due to its location on the Danube, it became a transportation and commercial hub for the region. This was where grain and wine was loaded onto boats to be transported upriver to Austria and Germany. Until 1765, the inhabitants belonged to three nations; Croats (under name of Dalmatians), the Germans and the Serbs. The Magyars – who escaped from the Ottoman Empire to the reduced Kingdom of Hungary – returned to the Great Plain after Hungary regained her lost territories. Following this, according to a government decree the Natio Dalmatica was changed into the Natio Hungarica, but even in 1768, the elected mayor swore the oath in the Croatian language in the Franciscan Church. In 1699, Baja was Bács-Bodrog county's most "industrialized" city.
In the 19th century Baja became a minor railway hub, but its importance declined as the railway to Fiume (Rijeka) was built in order to get Hungarian grain seaborne. The city was still a commercial and service center for the region.
In 1918, after World War I, the ceasefire line placed the city under administration of the newly formed Kingdom of Yugoslavia. By the Treaty of Trianon from 1920, the city was assigned to Hungary, and became the capital of the reduced county of Bács-Bodrog.
After World War II the city became known for its textile mill and because of its important bridge crossing the Danube. Its importance is still evident as people from the Bácska region (Serbian: Bačka) of Hungary come for higher education, government and business services.
Baja is at the meeting of the continental and mediterrenean region of Hungary. The summers are hot (the temperature sometimes goes up to 35–36 °C) and dry, while the winters are cold and snowy. It often rains in the spring.
The city plays an important role in Hungary's water transport, with the international harbour. Baja gives home to two extensive corporations: to AXIÁL Co. and DÉLHÚS Co. Axiál sells agricultural machines all over Hungary, while Délhús produces meat products. Gemenc Forest and Game Co. Ltd. is managing the nearby nature reserve, Gemenc. There are numerous commercial structures in the city, which prove important to the people living in and around Baja. A few years ago, a TESCO supermarket opened.
The city has some museums and art galleries, most of them with permanent exhibitions. These include the István Türr Museum (exhibits objects of former local life), the István Nagy Gallery (a collection of Nagy's paintings), and the Bunjevci House (about Bunjevci traditions).
The annual Fisherman's Soup Boiling Festival shown above is a famous event in Europe, which comprises a great fish soup boiling contest, and other cultural occurrences.
There are 15 churches in the city, representing the religion of each ethnicity. These religions include (with the number of believers) Roman Catholic (25 203), Protestant (1 623), Evangelist (268), Unitarian, Orthodox (90), Lutheran and Judaism (27).
Located relatively close to the Great Hungarian Plain, to Gemenc and Transdanubia, the city is also feasible as a base for regional tourists.
There are three notable educational institutes in the city: Béla III High school, famous for high teaching skills; Eötvös József College, the only top-level educational institution of Northern Bácska, and the German center. A smaller observatory also exists.
Tha MNÁMK (Magyarországi Németek Általános Művelődési Központja; English: General Culture Center of Germans Living in Hungary) is internationally respected for providing German education for the German minority living in Bácska, and in Hungary. Students get up-to-date education with modern tools using their mother tongue.
Baja's library got its name from the famous Hungarian poet, Endre Ady. The library's building used to be Baja's synagogue. The building was offered by the city's Jewish community. The Holocaust memorial stands in the synagogue's garden.
The library has a very large collection of pre-18th century books. The "Ancient book" collection includes 4,352 volumes, and a lot more writings, because many of the volumes are collectives (for example, one of them contains 17 writings). The library has three incunabulums.
#151
- Group: Registered Climate Users
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- LocationTonbridge, Kent. 44m asl.
Posted 10 February 2012 - 16:54
Day 117: Back to the old faithfuls today for the lowest temperatures although Norway was pushed out of scoring. None of the top 12 locations scored and none of the places "bubbling under" could either, so just the daily scores and national leagues shown today. The main area of interest in the nations rankings now is whether Finland can overtake Norway for third place.
#152
- Group: Registered Climate Users
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- Joined: 31-May 06
- LocationTonbridge, Kent. 44m asl.
Posted 11 February 2012 - 17:08
Day 118: Another day with none of the current Top 12 locations winning any points and again nowhere takes adavantage to break into the Top 12. Norway and Sweden had a much less cold 24 hours and neither nation scores anything today. Finland held onto the cold a bit longer and is now very close to catching Norway for 3rd place in the national rankings.
With nothing again changing in the Top 12 locations here is instead a table which shows the highest placings for nations other than Sweden, Russia, Norway, Finland and Iceland. 242 places have scored points!
With nothing again changing in the Top 12 locations here is instead a table which shows the highest placings for nations other than Sweden, Russia, Norway, Finland and Iceland. 242 places have scored points!
#153
- Group: Registered Climate Users
- Posts: 16846
- Joined: 31-May 06
- LocationTonbridge, Kent. 44m asl.
Posted 12 February 2012 - 14:07
Day 119: The cold showed little sign of letting up over wide swathes of Eastern Europe yesterday with quite a spread of locations scoring points. However, Norway, Sweden and Finland failed to score for once, all having a relatively "mild" day - at least compared with the last fortnight!. Kalach is in the Voronezh region and Krasnyy Kut in the Saratov region either side of the mighty Volga river. Belarus has finally overtaken Iceland in the national rankings. Still Lithuania just can't beat its Baltic rivals and neighbours for a single point though.
Jelenia Góra is a city in Lower Silesia, south-western Poland. Prior to the end of the Second World War the city was German and known as Hirschberg. The name of the city means "deer mountain" in Polish, and German. It is close to the Krkonoše mountain range running along the Polish-Czech border – ski resorts such as Karpacz and Szklarska Poręba can be found 10–15 km far from the town.
Jelenia Góra is situated in Lower Silesian Voivodeship (since 1999), having previously been the seat of Jelenia Góra Voivodeship (1975–1998). The city constitutes a separate urban gmina and city county (powiat), as well as being the seat of Jelenia Góra County (which surrounds but does not include the city). As at 2009 the population of Jelenia Góra is 84,564.
The city officially dates back its origins to the legendary founding of the settlement by Bolesław III Wrymouth in 1108, and in 2008 celebrated its 900th anniversary. Jelenia Gora (or Hirschberg) is also mentioned as having been used as a base for the Polish ruler Bolesław Krzywousty for his campaigns against the Czechs in 1110.
Accounts by other authors (Weczerka, Badstübner, Franke, Popp, von Winterfeld) date the location of the city to 1281, by the Polish duke Bolesław Rogatka, and connect it to the Ostsiedlung. In 1281 the settlement was first mentioned as Hyrzberc, and in 1288 in Latin as Hyrsbergensium. When the Silesian Piasts lost inheritance and Agnes of Habsburg, the last dutchess of (Świdnica-Jawor) died in 1392, the city passed to Bohemia, ruled by the House of Luxembourg.
The city was inherited by Habsburg Austria in 1526, two years after the town adopted the Protestant faith. A Protestant school was built in 1566. In 1560 a fire destroyed large parts of the city and stopped the economic development, which until then had been characterized by linen-weaving. The city recovered when Joachim Girnth, a shoemaker on a return journey from Holland, introduced veil-weaving. The first "light veils" were offered in 1625, and five years later the city received an imperial privilege by Ferdinand II for these veils.
During the Thirty Years' War the city suffered badly. Hirschberg was beleaguered by troops of both parties, paid high contributions, and during a siege in 1634 the city burned down again. Two more sieges followed in 1640 and 1641. The town needed several years to recover. One reason for the new boost was the creation of a merchant society 1658, which secured Hirschbergs position as the most important center of linen and veil trade in the Silesian mountains during the 17th and 18th centuries.
The Protestants of the city were oppressed during the Counter-Reformation, but the second Treaty of Altranstädt, which allowed a Protestant community center and church to be established outside the medieval city walls, brought relief. Great sacrifices by the merchant society, especially its most prominent member Christian Menzel, made the construction of a large church, modeled after Church of Catherine in Stockholm, possible. The cemetery of the church was the preferred burial place for most merchant families (largely destroyed after 1945).
Hirschberg was annexed with Lower Silesia by the Kingdom of Prussia during the Silesian Wars. The city was again partly destroyed, had to pay contributions and was seized several times. The detachment from Austria and the new border in the mountains to the south badly damaged the economy as the merchants lost a large part of their customers. Although Prussia took on substantial efforts to revive the economy they never recovered completely and finally lost their position during the industrial revolution.
In 1871 the town became part of the German Empire upon the Prussian-led unification of Germany, as one of the largest towns in the Province of Silesia. The Deutsche Riesengebirgsverein (German Giant Mountains Club), an organization to protect the environment of the Giant Mountains (Krkonoše) and to promote tourism, was founded in 1880 by Theodor Donat and 47 other dignitaries of the region. It was the seventh-oldest German mountaineering club with up to 18,000 members and 95 local groups, some of them even in Hamburg, the Rhineland or New York[citation needed]. In 1912–14 the Riesengebirgsmuseum, a museum about the mountains and the history of Hirschberg and the region, was opened by the club. It was closed in 1945 together with the Riesengebirgsverein, whose members were expelled. The museum was rearranged in 1950 and opened again in 1953. The club still exists in Germany, although its mission is obsolete.
After World War I, the town became part of the Province of Lower Silesia in 1919, and in 1922 became a separate city. During the Nazi era under the regime of Adolf Hitler, a subcamp of KZ Gross- Rosen was located in Hirschberg.
Following the end of World War II in 1945, the town was placed under Polish administration according to the decisions of the Potsdam Conference, and became officially known by its Polish name of Jelenia Góra, which was first recorded in 1882. The remaining German inhabitants were expelled westward and replaced with Polish settlers. The city was not destroyed in the war. After the war the new Polish authorities dismantled the Old Town until 1965 and destroyed the cemetery of the Protestant church. Afterwards the buildings around the market place were reconstructed in more simple forms. The town was expanded through the incoporation of surrounding localities, including the spa town of Cieplice (German: Bad Warmbrunn) in 1976, now the district of Cieplice Śląskie-Zdrój.
Jelenia Góra is a city in Lower Silesia, south-western Poland. Prior to the end of the Second World War the city was German and known as Hirschberg. The name of the city means "deer mountain" in Polish, and German. It is close to the Krkonoše mountain range running along the Polish-Czech border – ski resorts such as Karpacz and Szklarska Poręba can be found 10–15 km far from the town.
Jelenia Góra is situated in Lower Silesian Voivodeship (since 1999), having previously been the seat of Jelenia Góra Voivodeship (1975–1998). The city constitutes a separate urban gmina and city county (powiat), as well as being the seat of Jelenia Góra County (which surrounds but does not include the city). As at 2009 the population of Jelenia Góra is 84,564.
The city officially dates back its origins to the legendary founding of the settlement by Bolesław III Wrymouth in 1108, and in 2008 celebrated its 900th anniversary. Jelenia Gora (or Hirschberg) is also mentioned as having been used as a base for the Polish ruler Bolesław Krzywousty for his campaigns against the Czechs in 1110.
Accounts by other authors (Weczerka, Badstübner, Franke, Popp, von Winterfeld) date the location of the city to 1281, by the Polish duke Bolesław Rogatka, and connect it to the Ostsiedlung. In 1281 the settlement was first mentioned as Hyrzberc, and in 1288 in Latin as Hyrsbergensium. When the Silesian Piasts lost inheritance and Agnes of Habsburg, the last dutchess of (Świdnica-Jawor) died in 1392, the city passed to Bohemia, ruled by the House of Luxembourg.
The city was inherited by Habsburg Austria in 1526, two years after the town adopted the Protestant faith. A Protestant school was built in 1566. In 1560 a fire destroyed large parts of the city and stopped the economic development, which until then had been characterized by linen-weaving. The city recovered when Joachim Girnth, a shoemaker on a return journey from Holland, introduced veil-weaving. The first "light veils" were offered in 1625, and five years later the city received an imperial privilege by Ferdinand II for these veils.
During the Thirty Years' War the city suffered badly. Hirschberg was beleaguered by troops of both parties, paid high contributions, and during a siege in 1634 the city burned down again. Two more sieges followed in 1640 and 1641. The town needed several years to recover. One reason for the new boost was the creation of a merchant society 1658, which secured Hirschbergs position as the most important center of linen and veil trade in the Silesian mountains during the 17th and 18th centuries.
The Protestants of the city were oppressed during the Counter-Reformation, but the second Treaty of Altranstädt, which allowed a Protestant community center and church to be established outside the medieval city walls, brought relief. Great sacrifices by the merchant society, especially its most prominent member Christian Menzel, made the construction of a large church, modeled after Church of Catherine in Stockholm, possible. The cemetery of the church was the preferred burial place for most merchant families (largely destroyed after 1945).
Hirschberg was annexed with Lower Silesia by the Kingdom of Prussia during the Silesian Wars. The city was again partly destroyed, had to pay contributions and was seized several times. The detachment from Austria and the new border in the mountains to the south badly damaged the economy as the merchants lost a large part of their customers. Although Prussia took on substantial efforts to revive the economy they never recovered completely and finally lost their position during the industrial revolution.
In 1871 the town became part of the German Empire upon the Prussian-led unification of Germany, as one of the largest towns in the Province of Silesia. The Deutsche Riesengebirgsverein (German Giant Mountains Club), an organization to protect the environment of the Giant Mountains (Krkonoše) and to promote tourism, was founded in 1880 by Theodor Donat and 47 other dignitaries of the region. It was the seventh-oldest German mountaineering club with up to 18,000 members and 95 local groups, some of them even in Hamburg, the Rhineland or New York[citation needed]. In 1912–14 the Riesengebirgsmuseum, a museum about the mountains and the history of Hirschberg and the region, was opened by the club. It was closed in 1945 together with the Riesengebirgsverein, whose members were expelled. The museum was rearranged in 1950 and opened again in 1953. The club still exists in Germany, although its mission is obsolete.
After World War I, the town became part of the Province of Lower Silesia in 1919, and in 1922 became a separate city. During the Nazi era under the regime of Adolf Hitler, a subcamp of KZ Gross- Rosen was located in Hirschberg.
Following the end of World War II in 1945, the town was placed under Polish administration according to the decisions of the Potsdam Conference, and became officially known by its Polish name of Jelenia Góra, which was first recorded in 1882. The remaining German inhabitants were expelled westward and replaced with Polish settlers. The city was not destroyed in the war. After the war the new Polish authorities dismantled the Old Town until 1965 and destroyed the cemetery of the Protestant church. Afterwards the buildings around the market place were reconstructed in more simple forms. The town was expanded through the incoporation of surrounding localities, including the spa town of Cieplice (German: Bad Warmbrunn) in 1976, now the district of Cieplice Śląskie-Zdrój.
#154
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- LocationTonbridge, Kent. 44m asl.
Posted 13 February 2012 - 16:43
Day 120: The Nordic Countries again not doing too well today but Karasjok in Norway is the only location in the Top 12 to score, moving up two places and also helps to widen the gap a little over Finland in the national rankings. Again the temperatures are very low over quite wide area, with Samara close to the city's February low minimum record.
#155
- Group: Registered Climate Users
- Posts: 16846
- Joined: 31-May 06
- LocationTonbridge, Kent. 44m asl.
Posted 14 February 2012 - 15:44
DAY 121: Intense cold seems to be established over Russia still and a bit colder again for Sweden and Finland. Just two of the top 12 locations win points and Finland edges closer to Norway in the national rankings. Also a very cold minimum for Poland but less cold air is edging into many regions again.
Vel'sk (Russian: Вельск) is a town and the administrative center of Velsky District, Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russia, located on the left bank of the Vel River at its confluence with the Vaga River, 545 kilometers (339 mi) south of Arkhangelsk. Municipally, it is incorporated as Velskoye Urban Settlement of Velsky Municipal District. Population: 23,885 (2010 Census preliminary results); 26,241 (2002 Census); 25,967 (1989 Census).
First attested in 1137, Velsk regularly suffered from inundations before it was moved to a higher spot in the 16th century. It was known as a pogost before 1555, as a posad between 1555 and 1780, whereupon it was incorporated as a town of Vologda Viceroyalty.[8] Velsk developed as a merchant town, having profited from its location on the Vaga and late on the road connecting Moscow and Arkhangelsk (which in 17th century was the only major trade harbor in European Russia). Trade fairs were held in Velsk, the most important one was St. Athanasius Trade Fair.
In 1796, Velsky Uyezd was transferred to Vologda Governorate and remained there until 1929, when several governorates were merged into Northern Krai. On July 15, 1929 the uyezds were abolished, and Velsk became the administrative center of Velsky District, part of Nyandoma Okrug of Northern Krai. In 1936, the krai was transformed into Northern Oblast, and in 1937, Northern Oblast was split into Arkhangelsk Oblast and Vologda Oblast.
The economy is dominated by timber industry. Vaga was used for timber rafting until 1990s. Food production is also present.
Velsk is located on one of the principal highways in Russia, M8 connecting Moscow and Arkhangelsk. The secondary roads east to Oktyabrsky and west to Konosha branch off in Velsk.Velsk has a railway station (since 1942) on the railroad connecting Konosha and Kotlas which eventually continues to Vorkuta. Velsk Airport was active for passenger service till 1990s, then not used for 20 years. In 2011, after a long break, a helicopter was tanked in Velsk. There are plans to use it for the forest patrol aviation.
The historical center of Velsk, though lost many of historical buildings, preserved the town plan from 1780 and is regarded as a historically preserved area. In particular, Velsk contains 19 objects classified as cultural and historical heritage of local importance, most of them being former merchant houses.
Vel'sk (Russian: Вельск) is a town and the administrative center of Velsky District, Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russia, located on the left bank of the Vel River at its confluence with the Vaga River, 545 kilometers (339 mi) south of Arkhangelsk. Municipally, it is incorporated as Velskoye Urban Settlement of Velsky Municipal District. Population: 23,885 (2010 Census preliminary results); 26,241 (2002 Census); 25,967 (1989 Census).
First attested in 1137, Velsk regularly suffered from inundations before it was moved to a higher spot in the 16th century. It was known as a pogost before 1555, as a posad between 1555 and 1780, whereupon it was incorporated as a town of Vologda Viceroyalty.[8] Velsk developed as a merchant town, having profited from its location on the Vaga and late on the road connecting Moscow and Arkhangelsk (which in 17th century was the only major trade harbor in European Russia). Trade fairs were held in Velsk, the most important one was St. Athanasius Trade Fair.
In 1796, Velsky Uyezd was transferred to Vologda Governorate and remained there until 1929, when several governorates were merged into Northern Krai. On July 15, 1929 the uyezds were abolished, and Velsk became the administrative center of Velsky District, part of Nyandoma Okrug of Northern Krai. In 1936, the krai was transformed into Northern Oblast, and in 1937, Northern Oblast was split into Arkhangelsk Oblast and Vologda Oblast.
The economy is dominated by timber industry. Vaga was used for timber rafting until 1990s. Food production is also present.
Velsk is located on one of the principal highways in Russia, M8 connecting Moscow and Arkhangelsk. The secondary roads east to Oktyabrsky and west to Konosha branch off in Velsk.Velsk has a railway station (since 1942) on the railroad connecting Konosha and Kotlas which eventually continues to Vorkuta. Velsk Airport was active for passenger service till 1990s, then not used for 20 years. In 2011, after a long break, a helicopter was tanked in Velsk. There are plans to use it for the forest patrol aviation.
The historical center of Velsk, though lost many of historical buildings, preserved the town plan from 1780 and is regarded as a historically preserved area. In particular, Velsk contains 19 objects classified as cultural and historical heritage of local importance, most of them being former merchant houses.
| ]Climate data for Velsk | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Average high °C (°F) | −11 (12) | −8 (18) | 6 (43) | 13 (55) | 18 (64) | 20 (68) | 17 (63) | 11 (52) | 3 (37) | −2 (28) | −7 (19) | 5 (41) | |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −12 (10) | −10 (14) | −3 (27) | 2 (36) | 9 (48) | 14 (57) | 16 (61) | 13 (55) | 8 (46) | 2 (36) | −4 (25) | −9 (16) | 2 (36) |
| Average low °C (°F) | −15 (5) | −12 (10) | −6 (21) | 5 (41) | 10 (50) | 13 (55) | 10 (50) | 6 (43) | −6 (21) | −11 (12) | −0.5 (31.1) | ||
| Avg. precipitation days | 21 | 19 | 17 | 15 | 13 | 13 | 12 | 14 | 15 | 20 | 22 | 24 | 205 |
| Source: Weatherbase | |||||||||||||
This post has been edited by Big Dave's Gusset: 14 February 2012 - 15:46
#156
- Group: Registered Climate Users
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- Joined: 31-May 06
- LocationTonbridge, Kent. 44m asl.
Posted 15 February 2012 - 16:01
DAY 122: Finally there is a slight easing of the intense cold with nowhere having a minima below -30 °C in the 24 hours for the first time in weeks. The scorers today were rather patchily distributed; from the far north down to the south of Europe with Sweden scoring but Norway and Finland missing out, Belarus scoring but not Ukraine or Poland and the FYROM capital providing the second most southerly location to score points. Kvikkjokk Årrenjarka A was the only Top 12 location to score and moves up one place.
#157
- Group: Registered Climate Users
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- LocationTonbridge, Kent. 44m asl.
Posted 16 February 2012 - 16:03
DAY 123: A return of some of the fore familiar names to the daily scoring (for those following the project, anyway), and a return of sub -30 °C minima. Sweden, Norway and Finland ech take two scoring places as the cold returns to the Nordic lands. Verkhov'e Lotta in Russia was added to the synop reporting network after a long absence, a couple of months after the project started - had it been there from the start it may have held a Top 12 place as it is prone to low temps. Karasjok, Norway is now closing in on 2nd place in the location rankings and there is some bunching of places just outside the Top 12 trying to break in.
Klichev ( Belor. Klіchaў ) - a city in Belarus , an administrative center Klichev district of Mogilev region.
1592 : The first written mention of Klichev - Village of Klichev in Vitebsk province of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania .
1793 : As a result of the second partition of Poland became part of the Russian Empire, Igumen district of Minsk province.
1886 : In Klichev, 50 homes.
1897 : the village, 77 households (run by the local Dolzhansky parish), and 360 inhabitants. The town housed Klichev public school (since 1875), Holy Trinity Church (a new building erected in 1894 ), the Jewish prayer house, 4 shops, pub, 4 mills, 2 times a year fairs were held.
1904 - 1914 : Glassworks in the village, which produced bottles, pharmaceutical, chemical, and porcelain vessels. The temple is open and a synagogue .
July 17 1924 : The Village, the center of the district Klichev Bobruisk District (until July 26, 1930).
20 February 1938 : Joins the Mogilev region.
27 September 1938 : received the official status of an urban village.
1940 : Businesses in Klichev include a creamery, two bakeries, sewing cooperatives and confectionery maker, soft drinks plant, telegraph, mail, radio center, library, timber industry, school, health center, weather station.
1941 - July 28 1944 : Under German occupation . Created ghetto with a population of about 600 people. The Nazis killed in the area 504 poeple. In June 1942, around the town for 10 days a guerrilla base was established, the first in the territory of Belarus . Acted as Klichev Operations Centre, which led the guerrilla compound of the same name.
1944 - Population 1 954 : in the Bobruisk region .
1962 - 1965 : in the Kirov region of the Mogilev region.
11 September 2000 : became a town.
3 January 2005 : received its own coat of arms and flag.
Klichev ( Belor. Klіchaў ) - a city in Belarus , an administrative center Klichev district of Mogilev region.
1592 : The first written mention of Klichev - Village of Klichev in Vitebsk province of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania .
1793 : As a result of the second partition of Poland became part of the Russian Empire, Igumen district of Minsk province.
1886 : In Klichev, 50 homes.
1897 : the village, 77 households (run by the local Dolzhansky parish), and 360 inhabitants. The town housed Klichev public school (since 1875), Holy Trinity Church (a new building erected in 1894 ), the Jewish prayer house, 4 shops, pub, 4 mills, 2 times a year fairs were held.
1904 - 1914 : Glassworks in the village, which produced bottles, pharmaceutical, chemical, and porcelain vessels. The temple is open and a synagogue .
July 17 1924 : The Village, the center of the district Klichev Bobruisk District (until July 26, 1930).
20 February 1938 : Joins the Mogilev region.
27 September 1938 : received the official status of an urban village.
1940 : Businesses in Klichev include a creamery, two bakeries, sewing cooperatives and confectionery maker, soft drinks plant, telegraph, mail, radio center, library, timber industry, school, health center, weather station.
1941 - July 28 1944 : Under German occupation . Created ghetto with a population of about 600 people. The Nazis killed in the area 504 poeple. In June 1942, around the town for 10 days a guerrilla base was established, the first in the territory of Belarus . Acted as Klichev Operations Centre, which led the guerrilla compound of the same name.
1944 - Population 1 954 : in the Bobruisk region .
1962 - 1965 : in the Kirov region of the Mogilev region.
11 September 2000 : became a town.
3 January 2005 : received its own coat of arms and flag.
#158
- Group: Warnings Team
- Posts: 14997
- Joined: 05-July 09
- LocationSE Cornwall/ Plymouth
Posted 16 February 2012 - 21:19
Big Dave, on 11 February 2012 - 17:08, said:
2012-02-11_tables.pngWith nothing again changing in the Top 12 locations here is instead a table which shows the highest placings for nations other than Sweden, Russia, Norway, Finland and Iceland. 242 places have scored points!
2012-02-11_others.pngI see Aviemore there in 200th place is that the only UK station on your list? Wonder how the table would of looked had you done this format over the last couple of winters, especially 2009/2010 winter
#159
- Group: Registered Climate Users
- Posts: 16846
- Joined: 31-May 06
- LocationTonbridge, Kent. 44m asl.
Posted 16 February 2012 - 22:02
Ian Williams, on 16 February 2012 - 21:19, said:
I see Aviemore there in 200th place is that the only UK station on your list? Wonder how the table would of looked had you done this format over the last couple of winters, especially 2009/2010 winter
Yes it's only Aviemore at the moment keeping the British end up. Hard to tell really what might have been the case for the UK in past winters since it seems to take rather particular synoptics for us to be especially cold compared to the whole of Europe, but I think Russia and Sweden would do well whatever format I used!
#160
- Group: Registered Climate Users
- Posts: 16846
- Joined: 31-May 06
- LocationTonbridge, Kent. 44m asl.
Posted 17 February 2012 - 15:31
DAY 124: So we are at 4 months after the first ice day of the season, and to remind that there is no fixed date for the end of the project - only when the last ice day is recorded so it could well go on into April/May. We still have some low minima today but the maxima are much higher than recently.
Karasjok has now managed to take 2nd place in the location rankings and Sodankylä has clawed its way back into the top 12. In the national rankings Finland has finally overhauled Norway for 3rd place.
Karasjok has now managed to take 2nd place in the location rankings and Sodankylä has clawed its way back into the top 12. In the national rankings Finland has finally overhauled Norway for 3rd place.
